Total Protein with Albumin and Globulin Separation (Serum)
This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood, including albumin and globulins, which are broken down into fractions using electrophoresis. It helps identify abnormalities in protein distribution that may signal conditions like infections, inflammation, or certain cancers.
This test helps diagnose and monitor conditions affecting protein balance in your blood.
Key facts at a glance
- LOINC
- 16962-3
- Short code
- Heteroph Ab Snv Ql LA
- Synonyms
- Heteroph Ab Snv Ql LA
- Category
- chemistry
- Sample
- fluid
- Container
- Sterile tube
- Units
- N/A
- Fasting
- false
- Population
- adult
- Sex
- all
- Age range
- 18–65 years
- Method
- la
- Specimen volume
- 2-5 mL
- Stability
- Room temperature: 2h, Refrigerated: 24h
- Hemolysis max
- 300
- TAT
- 4–24 hours
- Order
- routine
What Proteins Are Measured?
Electrophoresis separates blood proteins based on their electrical charge, revealing distinct bands. Albumin, the most abundant protein, appears near the left (fast-moving) side, while globulins (including alpha, beta, and gamma fractions) migrate toward the right. This pattern can indicate underlying health issues.
Why Is This Test Done?
Your doctor may order this test if you have symptoms like fatigue, swelling, or unexplained weight changes. It’s also used to check for conditions like multiple myeloma, chronic liver disease, or immune disorders by comparing protein levels across different fractions.
How Is the Test Performed?
A blood sample is drawn from a vein, typically in your arm. The serum is then placed in a gel and subjected to an electric current, causing proteins to move at different speeds. Results are interpreted by comparing the band patterns to standard references.
What Do the Results Mean?
Abnormal patterns may show high or low levels of specific proteins. For example, a shift toward gamma globulins could suggest an immune disorder, while low albumin might indicate liver or kidney problems. Your doctor will discuss findings in relation to your symptoms and medical history.
Clinical interpretation
How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.
Clinical Significance: This test is critical for diagnosing and managing conditions affecting protein metabolism, such as chronic inflammation, infections, or neoplastic diseases. It helps assess the effectiveness of treatments targeting protein-related disorders.
Short name
Protein Electrophoresis
Frequently asked questions
What does an abnormal protein electrophoresis result mean?
How often should I get this test?
Can diet or medications affect protein electrophoresis results?
Sources
- 1
- 2Lab Tests OnlineSource
- 3
Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy