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Hemoglobin A2 Fraction (Electrophoresis)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the percentage of a specific type of hemoglobin (HbA2) in your blood, which helps assess how well your body is producing the normal form of hemoglobin.

Quick summary

["HbA2 helps diagnose and monitor conditions like beta-thalassemia or certain types of anemia."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
27345-8
Short code
Hgb A2 Bld Ql Elph
Synonyms
Hgb A2 Bld Ql Elph
Category
hematology
Sample
whole-blood
Container
Lavender-top (EDTA)
Units
N/A
Ref low
12
Ref high
17.5
Critical range
7 N/A – 20 N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
electrophoresis
CPT
85018
SNOMED
900000000000003004
Specimen volume
3 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h
Hemolysis max
0
Lipemia max
0
Icterus max
0
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What Is HbA2?

HbA2 is a type of hemoglobin that carries oxygen in your red blood cells. While most hemoglobin is normal (HbA1c), HbA2 is a smaller but important fraction that can indicate genetic blood disorders or diabetes-related complications when measured alongside other tests.

Why Is This Test Done?

Doctors may order HbA2 testing to diagnose or monitor conditions such as thalassemia (a genetic blood disorder), certain types of anemia, or to evaluate diabetes management in people with hemoglobinopathies.

How Is the Test Performed?

A small blood sample is drawn from your arm. The blood is then separated and analyzed using electrophoresis, a method that sorts hemoglobin types based on their electrical charge.

What Do Results Mean?

Results show the percentage of HbA2 relative to total hemoglobin. Higher-than-normal levels may suggest genetic blood disorders, while lower levels could indicate conditions affecting red blood cell production.

Reference range

Adult males: 13.5-17.5 g/dL; Females: 12.0-16.0 g/dLN/A

Specimen: whole-blood

No special preparation usually required. Stay well hydrated. Inform your healthcare provider of all medications and supplements you are taking.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

HbA2

Frequently asked questions

How often should I expect this test?
This test is typically ordered as part of a routine or specialized blood panel, often when symptoms of anemia, genetic blood disorders, or diabetes are present. Frequency depends on your medical condition and doctor’s recommendations.
What are typical reference ranges?
Reference ranges vary by lab and population but generally fall between 1.5% and 3.5% of total hemoglobin. Your doctor will interpret results in the context of your overall health.
Can lifestyle changes affect HbA2 levels?
No, HbA2 is primarily influenced by genetic factors and blood production. Diet, exercise, or other lifestyle changes do not directly alter HbA2 levels.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy