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Hemoglobin Electrophoresis (Qualitative, Serum/Plasma)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test identifies different types of hemoglobin in your blood, which can help diagnose conditions like sickle cell disease or other hemoglobinopathies.

Quick summary

["Helps detect inherited blood disorders by separating hemoglobin variants for analysis."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
10346-5
Short code
Hgb A Bld Elph-aCnc
Synonyms
Hgb A Bld Elph-aCnc
Category
hematology
Sample
whole-blood
Container
Lavender-top (EDTA)
Units
N/A
Ref low
12
Ref high
17.5
Critical range
7 N/A – 20 N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
electrophoresis
CPT
85018
SNOMED
900000000000003004
Specimen volume
3 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h
Hemolysis max
0
Lipemia max
0
Icterus max
0
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What This Test Measures

Hemoglobin electrophoresis separates hemoglobin molecules based on their electrical charge. Different hemoglobin types move at different speeds on an electric field, creating distinct bands. This test detects variations from normal hemoglobin (usually A1), which may indicate genetic blood disorders.

Why It’s Ordered

Your doctor may recommend this test if you have symptoms like fatigue, pain, frequent infections, or a family history of hemoglobin disorders. It’s also used to confirm or screen for conditions like sickle cell trait or disease.

Sample Collection and Preparation

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, typically in your arm. The blood is then processed to separate serum or plasma, where the hemoglobin types are analyzed using electrophoresis.

Common Conditions Evaluated

This test helps diagnose or monitor conditions such as sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, or other inherited hemoglobin disorders. It can also screen for conditions where abnormal hemoglobin is present.

Reference range

Adult males: 13.5-17.5 g/dL; Females: 12.0-16.0 g/dLN/A

Specimen: whole-blood

No special preparation usually required. Stay well hydrated. Inform your healthcare provider of all medications and supplements you are taking.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Hemoglobin Electrophoresis

Frequently asked questions

What does an abnormal result mean?
An abnormal result may show unusual hemoglobin bands, indicating a genetic disorder. Your doctor will discuss findings with you and may recommend further testing or follow-up care.
How long does it take to get results?
Results are typically available within 24 to 48 hours, depending on lab processing times.
Can I eat or drink before this test?
No special preparation is needed, but avoid smoking or caffeine 30 minutes before your blood draw if instructed.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy