Serum Hemoglobin Electrophoresis (Qualitative or Quantitative)
This test helps identify different types of hemoglobin in your blood, which can indicate conditions like sickle cell disease or other inherited blood disorders.
["This test assesses blood protein composition related to oxygen transport."]
Key facts at a glance
- LOINC
- 40545-6
- Short code
- Hgb C Bld Ql Elph
- Synonyms
- Hgb C Bld Ql Elph
- Category
- hematology
- Sample
- whole-blood
- Container
- Lavender-top (EDTA)
- Units
- N/A
- Ref low
- 12
- Ref high
- 17.5
- Critical range
- 7 N/A – 20 N/A
- Fasting
- false
- Population
- adult
- Sex
- all
- Age range
- 18–65 years
- Method
- electrophoresis
- CPT
- 85018
- SNOMED
- 900000000000003004
- Specimen volume
- 3 mL
- Stability
- Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h
- Hemolysis max
- 0
- Lipemia max
- 0
- Icterus max
- 0
- TAT
- 4–24 hours
- Order
- routine
What This Test Measures
Hemoglobin is the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. Electrophoresis separates hemoglobin variants based on their electrical charge. This test may detect abnormal hemoglobin forms, such as hemoglobin S (common in sickle cell trait/disease) or hemoglobin C, which can affect blood function differently than normal hemoglobin A.
Why It’s Done
Your healthcare provider may order this test if you have symptoms like fatigue, pain, frequent infections, or if family history suggests a hemoglobin disorder. It’s also used to screen newborns in some regions for conditions like sickle cell anemia.
How It Works
A small blood sample is drawn and placed on a gel or paper strip. An electric current is applied, causing hemoglobin molecules to move toward the opposite charge. The separated bands are then analyzed to identify specific hemoglobin types.
Preparation Tips
No special preparation is needed, but avoid strenuous activity or eating heavy meals 24 hours before the test. If you’re pregnant or have a history of bleeding disorders, let your provider know.
Reference range
Adult males: 13.5-17.5 g/dL; Females: 12.0-16.0 g/dLN/A
No special preparation usually required. Stay well hydrated. Inform your healthcare provider of all medications and supplements you are taking.
Clinical interpretation
How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.
Abnormal hemoglobin patterns can signal genetic disorders that require monitoring, treatment (e.g., hydration, pain management), or specialized care. Early detection may improve outcomes, especially for conditions like sickle cell disease, where management focuses on preventing crises and maintaining healthy red blood cells.
Short name
Hemoglobin Subtype Analysis
Frequently asked questions
What does an abnormal result mean?
How long will results take?
Can I fast before this test?
Sources
- 1
- 2Lab Tests OnlineSource
- 3
Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy