Hemoglobin Electrophoresis (for Alpha-1 Antitrypsin and Other Globin Variants)
This test measures the different types of hemoglobin in your blood using electrophoresis, a method that separates proteins based on their electrical charge. It helps identify variations in hemoglobin that may indicate genetic conditions or other blood disorders.
["This test helps diagnose conditions affecting hemoglobin structure or function."]
Key facts at a glance
- LOINC
- 12713-4
- Short code
- Hgb C+E+O+A2 Bld Ql Elph Alk
- Synonyms
- Hgb C+E+O+A2 Bld Ql Elph Alk
- Category
- hematology
- Sample
- whole-blood
- Container
- Lavender-top (EDTA)
- Units
- N/A
- Ref low
- 3.5
- Ref high
- 5
- Critical range
- 7 N/A – 20 N/A
- Fasting
- false
- Population
- adult
- Sex
- all
- Age range
- 18–65 years
- Method
- electrophoresis-ph
- CPT
- 84132
- SNOMED
- 110742001
- Specimen volume
- 3 mL
- Stability
- Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h
- Hemolysis max
- 0
- Lipemia max
- 0
- Icterus max
- 0
- TAT
- 4–24 hours
- Order
- routine
What This Test Measures
Electrophoresis separates hemoglobin into distinct bands based on their electrical charge. This test specifically looks at hemoglobin variants, including Alpha-1 Antitrypsin (A1AT) and other globin proteins. Variations in these proteins can be linked to genetic disorders or conditions like alpha thalassemia or sickle cell trait.
Why It’s Done
Your healthcare provider may order this test if you have symptoms like fatigue, anemia, or if genetic testing suggests a potential hemoglobin disorder. It can also be used to screen family members of those with known hemoglobinopathies.
Sample Collection and Preparation
A small blood sample is taken from your arm. The blood is processed to separate the hemoglobin components, which are then analyzed using electrophoresis to create distinct bands representing different hemoglobin types.
Common Conditions or Symptoms
This test is particularly useful for diagnosing inherited blood disorders such as alpha thalassemia, sickle cell disease, or conditions affecting Alpha-1 Antitrypsin levels. It may also help confirm or rule out certain genetic conditions that alter hemoglobin structure.
Reference range
Adult: 3.5-5.0 mmol/LN/A
No special preparation usually required. Stay well hydrated. Inform your healthcare provider of all medications and supplements you are taking.
Clinical interpretation
How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.
Abnormal hemoglobin patterns detected by this test can indicate underlying genetic disorders that may require further medical evaluation, treatment, or monitoring. Early identification can help manage symptoms and guide personalized care plans.
Short name
Hemoglobin Electrophoresis
Frequently asked questions
What does an abnormal result mean?
How long does it take to get results?
Can I eat or drink before this test?
Sources
- 1
- 2Lab Tests OnlineSource
- 3
Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy