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Hemoglobin Fractionation by Electrophoresis (Serum/Plasma)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures different types of hemoglobin in your blood, which can help identify conditions affecting red blood cells or blood disorders.

Quick summary

["Understanding your hemoglobin types may help diagnose or monitor certain blood-related health issues."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
71870-0
Short code
Hgb C MFr.DF Bld
Synonyms
Hgb C MFr.DF Bld
Category
hematology
Sample
whole-blood
Container
Lavender-top (EDTA)
Units
N/A
Ref low
12
Ref high
17.5
Critical range
7 N/A – 20 N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
CPT
85018
SNOMED
900000000000003004
Specimen volume
3 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h
Hemolysis max
0
Lipemia max
0
Icterus max
0
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What This Test Measures

Hemoglobin is the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. This test separates hemoglobin into its main fractions—such as hemoglobin A, A1c, A2, F (fetal), and variants—to check for abnormalities.

Why It’s Done

Doctors may order this test if you have symptoms like fatigue, pale skin, unusual bleeding, or if you’re at risk for conditions like sickle cell disease, thalassemia, or diabetes-related complications.

Common Conditions Linked to Abnormal Results

Abnormal hemoglobin fractions can signal genetic blood disorders (e.g., sickle cell trait/disease), anemia, or metabolic issues like diabetes. Fetal hemoglobin (HbF) levels may rise in certain cancers or pregnancy-related conditions.

Sample Collection and Preparation

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, typically in your arm. The blood is processed to separate serum or plasma for analysis. This test does not require fasting.

Reference range

Adult males: 13.5-17.5 g/dL; Females: 12.0-16.0 g/dLN/A

Specimen: whole-blood

No special preparation usually required. Stay well hydrated. Inform your healthcare provider of all medications and supplements you are taking.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance

Short name

Hemoglobin Subtype Analysis

Frequently asked questions

How long will I need to wait for results?
Results are usually available within 24 to 48 hours, depending on lab processing times. Your healthcare provider will discuss them with you.
What does a low or high level of a specific hemoglobin fraction mean?
Low levels of certain fractions (e.g., HbA2) may indicate thalassemia or other genetic blood disorders. High levels of HbF or variants could signal conditions like sickle cell disease or certain cancers. Your doctor will interpret results in context with your symptoms and medical history.
Can diet or medications affect this test?
Diet or common medications (e.g., iron supplements) may indirectly influence red blood cell health but are less likely to directly alter hemoglobin fractions. Always inform your doctor about all medications or supplements you’re taking.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy