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High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Analysis of Hemoglobin F Fractionation

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures different types of hemoglobin (the oxygen-carrying protein in red blood cells) using high-performance liquid chromatography, specifically focusing on the fraction of fetal hemoglobin (HbF).

Quick summary

["HbF levels can help diagnose or monitor conditions affecting red blood cells and hemoglobin structure."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
44922-3
Short code
Hgb E MFr Bld HPLC
Synonyms
Hgb E MFr Bld HPLC
Category
hematology
Sample
whole-blood
Container
Lavender-top (EDTA)
Units
N/A
Ref low
12
Ref high
17.5
Critical range
7 N/A – 20 N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
hplc
CPT
85018
SNOMED
900000000000003004
Specimen volume
3 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h
Hemolysis max
0
Lipemia max
0
Icterus max
0
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Your healthcare provider may order this test to investigate conditions like thalassemia, sickle cell disease, or other inherited blood disorders. It can also help assess fetal hemoglobin levels in adults or during pregnancy-related evaluations.

How the Test Works

A small blood sample is collected and analyzed using HPLC, which separates hemoglobin types based on their chemical properties. This allows for precise measurement of HbF among other hemoglobin fractions.

Sample Preparation

Blood is drawn from a vein, typically in your arm. The sample is processed and sent to the lab for HPLC analysis. No special preparation is needed, but fasting may not be required.

What to Expect

You may feel slight discomfort from the needle insertion, but the process usually takes a few minutes. Results are typically available within a few days, depending on lab workflows.

Reference range

Adult males: 13.5-17.5 g/dL; Females: 12.0-16.0 g/dLN/A

Specimen: whole-blood

No special preparation required. Inform provider of any chest pain or symptoms.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

HPLC HbF Profile

Frequently asked questions

What causes abnormal HbF levels?
Abnormal HbF levels are often linked to inherited blood disorders such as thalassemia or sickle cell disease. In some cases, they may also be influenced by medications, pregnancy, or other underlying health conditions.
How long does it take to get results?
Results are usually available within 2 to 5 business days, depending on your lab’s processing time. Your healthcare provider will contact you once they are ready.
Can HbF levels change over time?
Yes, HbF levels can fluctuate due to genetic factors, certain medications, or underlying health conditions. Regular monitoring may be recommended if you have a known blood disorder.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy