Serum or plasma protein electrophoresis (qualitative)
This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood using electrophoresis, a method that separates proteins based on size and charge.
["Electrophoresis helps identify abnormal protein patterns that may signal conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or kidney problems."]
Key facts at a glance
- LOINC
- 32682-7
- Short code
- Hgb F MFr Bld Elph
- Synonyms
- Hgb F MFr Bld Elph
- Category
- hematology
- Sample
- whole-blood
- Container
- Lavender-top (EDTA)
- Units
- N/A
- Ref low
- 12
- Ref high
- 17.5
- Critical range
- 7 N/A – 20 N/A
- Fasting
- false
- Population
- adult
- Sex
- all
- Age range
- 18–65 years
- Method
- electrophoresis
- CPT
- 85018
- SNOMED
- 900000000000003004
- Specimen volume
- 3 mL
- Stability
- Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h
- Hemolysis max
- 0
- Lipemia max
- 0
- Icterus max
- 0
- TAT
- 4–24 hours
- Order
- routine
What This Test Measures
Electrophoresis splits blood proteins into five main zones: albumin, alpha-1 globulins, alpha-2 globulins, beta globulins, and gamma globulins (antibodies). Each zone contains proteins with distinct functions, such as transporting nutrients or fighting infections. Abnormal patterns may indicate conditions like chronic inflammation, immune disorders, or metabolic diseases.
How the Test Works
A small blood sample is drawn and placed in a gel or paper medium. An electric current is applied, causing proteins to migrate toward the opposite charge. After separation, the zones are stained to visualize protein concentrations.
Why It’s Done
Doctors use this test to diagnose or monitor conditions affecting protein production, such as multiple myeloma (cancer of plasma cells), liver disease, or kidney disorders. It may also help assess nutritional status or detect hidden inflammation.
Sample Collection
A blood sample is taken from a vein, usually in your arm. You may feel a slight pinch, but it’s quick and painless. Plasma or serum (liquid part of blood) is used for the test.
Reference range
Adult males: 13.5-17.5 g/dL; Females: 12.0-16.0 g/dLN/A
No special preparation usually required. Stay well hydrated. Inform your healthcare provider of all medications and supplements you are taking.
Clinical interpretation
How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.
Clinical Significance
Frequently asked questions
What does an abnormal result mean?
How long does it take to get results?
Can I eat or drink before this test?
Sources
- 1
- 2Lab Tests OnlineSource
- 3
Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy