Skip to content

Serum Protein Electrophoresis (Qualitative)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood using electrophoresis, a method that separates proteins based on size and charge.

Quick summary

["Helps identify abnormal protein patterns that may signal conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or kidney problems."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
71865-0
Short code
Hgb F MFr.DF Bld Elph
Synonyms
Hgb F MFr.DF Bld Elph
Category
hematology
Sample
whole-blood
Container
Lavender-top (EDTA)
Units
N/A
Ref low
12
Ref high
17.5
Critical range
7 N/A – 20 N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
electrophoresis
CPT
85018
SNOMED
900000000000003004
Specimen volume
3 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h
Hemolysis max
0
Lipemia max
0
Icterus max
0
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What Proteins Are Measured?

Electrophoresis splits blood proteins into broad categories: albumin, alpha-1 globulins, alpha-2 globulins, beta globulins, and gamma globulins (antibodies). Each category may show elevated or reduced levels depending on underlying health issues.

How the Test Works

A small blood sample is drawn and placed in an electric field. Proteins migrate toward the opposite charge, creating bands that correspond to their types. A visual or densitometric analysis then quantifies these bands.

Common Uses

This test is often used to diagnose conditions like multiple myeloma (cancer of plasma cells), chronic liver disease, or immune system disorders. It may also help monitor treatment progress.

Preparation

No special preparation is needed, but fasting is not required. Wear a hospital gown for the blood draw, and inform your provider if you’re on blood thinners.

Reference range

Adult males: 13.5-17.5 g/dL; Females: 12.0-16.0 g/dLN/A

Specimen: whole-blood

No special preparation usually required. Stay well hydrated. Inform your healthcare provider of all medications and supplements you are taking.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Serum Protein Profile

Frequently asked questions

Why did my doctor order this test?
Your doctor may recommend this test if you have symptoms like unexplained weight loss, fatigue, or signs of organ dysfunction (e.g., liver or kidney issues). It’s also used as part of routine monitoring for certain cancers or immune disorders.
What does it mean if my results are abnormal?
Abnormal results may prompt further testing, such as bone marrow biopsy or additional protein studies. Your doctor will discuss findings in detail and may adjust treatment plans accordingly.
How long will I need to wait for results?
Results are typically available within 1–3 business days, depending on lab processing times. Follow-up with your healthcare provider to review the report and next steps.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy