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Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) with 24-hour urine collection for total protein

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures your average blood sugar levels over the past 2–3 months and checks for protein in your urine over a full day. It helps assess long-term diabetes control and kidney function.

Quick summary

["Helps track diabetes management and kidney health in one test."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
40721-3
Short code
Hgb F Spec Ql Apt-Downey
Synonyms
Hgb F Spec Ql Apt-Downey
Category
hematology
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Ref low
12
Ref high
17.5
Critical range
7 N/A – 20 N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
apt-downey
CPT
85018
SNOMED
900000000000003004
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Matters for Diabetes Management

HbA1c reflects your blood sugar control over time, giving doctors a clearer picture than daily blood sugar checks alone. It’s a key tool for adjusting diabetes treatments and preventing complications like nerve damage or kidney issues.

How the HbA1c Test Works

Your blood is tested for HbA1c, which binds to hemoglobin in red blood cells. The percentage shows how often your blood sugar was high during your red blood cell lifespan (about 3 months).

What the Urine Protein Test Detects

The 24-hour urine protein test checks for excess protein in your urine, which can signal kidney strain—especially important if you have diabetes, as it raises your risk for kidney disease.

What Values Mean for Your Health

HbA1c results alone don’t indicate kidney health; the urine protein test provides that data. High urine protein may mean your kidneys are working harder, while normal levels suggest better kidney function.

Reference range

Adult males: 13.5-17.5 g/dL; Females: 12.0-16.0 g/dLN/A

Specimen: serum

Inform your healthcare provider if you are taking blood thinners. No special preparation required.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

HbA1c + 24-hour urine protein

Frequently asked questions

Why do I need this test if I already check my blood sugar at home?
Home blood sugar tests show short-term levels, while HbA1c gives a longer-term average. This test also checks for kidney strain, which isn’t covered by daily checks alone.
What happens if my urine protein is high?
High urine protein may mean your kidneys are filtering too much, possibly due to diabetes or other causes. Your doctor will discuss next steps, like adjusting medications or monitoring kidney function.
Can I fast before this test?
No fasting is needed for HbA1c, but you should collect a full 24-hour urine sample (starting after your first morning pee). Follow your lab’s instructions for accuracy.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy