Serum Protein Electrophoresis (Qualitative)
This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood using electrophoresis, a method that separates proteins based on size and charge.
["Helps identify abnormal protein patterns that may signal conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or other disorders."]
Key facts at a glance
- LOINC
- 4584-9
- Short code
- Hgb G-Georg Bld Ql Elph Alk
- Synonyms
- Hgb G-Georg Bld Ql Elph Alk
- Category
- hematology
- Sample
- whole-blood
- Container
- Lavender-top (EDTA)
- Units
- N/A
- Ref low
- 3.5
- Ref high
- 5
- Critical range
- 7 N/A – 20 N/A
- Fasting
- false
- Population
- adult
- Sex
- all
- Age range
- 18–65 years
- Method
- electrophoresis-ph
- CPT
- 84132
- SNOMED
- 110742001
- Specimen volume
- 3 mL
- Stability
- Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h
- Hemolysis max
- 0
- Lipemia max
- 0
- Icterus max
- 0
- TAT
- 4–24 hours
- Order
- routine
What Proteins Are Being Tested?
Electrophoresis separates blood proteins into several bands, each representing distinct protein groups. These include albumin, alpha-globulins, beta-globulins, and gamma-globulins. Abnormal bands or patterns may indicate underlying health issues.
How the Test Works
A small amount of your serum is placed on a gel and subjected to an electric current. Proteins move toward the opposite charge, creating distinct bands that are later analyzed to identify their composition and quantity.
Common Uses and Why It Matters
This test is often used to diagnose conditions such as multiple myeloma (a cancer of plasma cells), liver or kidney disease, and certain autoimmune disorders. It helps doctors monitor treatment progress or detect early signs of disease.
Sample Collection and Preparation
A blood sample is drawn from your arm, and the serum is separated from blood cells. The serum is then prepared for electrophoresis in a lab setting.
Reference range
Adult: 3.5-5.0 mmol/LN/A
No special preparation usually required. Stay well hydrated. Inform your healthcare provider of all medications and supplements you are taking.
Clinical interpretation
How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.
Serum protein electrophoresis plays a critical role in identifying and managing conditions that affect protein balance in the blood. Abnormal patterns can reveal hidden issues like protein abnormalities, infections, or malignancies that may not be detected by other tests alone.
Short name
Protein Electrophoresis (Serum)
Frequently asked questions
What does a protein electrophoresis test show?
How long does it take to get results?
Can I eat or drink before this test?
Sources
- 1
- 2Lab Tests OnlineSource
- 3
Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy