Serum/Plasma Protein Electrophoresis (Qualitative)
This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood using electrophoresis, a method that separates proteins based on size and charge.
["Helps identify abnormal protein patterns that may signal conditions like multiple myeloma, amyloidosis, or chronic inflammation."]
Key facts at a glance
- LOINC
- 4586-4
- Short code
- Hgb G-Philad Bld Ql Elph Alk
- Synonyms
- Hgb G-Philad Bld Ql Elph Alk
- Category
- hematology
- Sample
- whole-blood
- Container
- Lavender-top (EDTA)
- Units
- N/A
- Ref low
- 3.5
- Ref high
- 5
- Critical range
- 7 N/A – 20 N/A
- Fasting
- false
- Population
- adult
- Sex
- all
- Age range
- 18–65 years
- Method
- electrophoresis-ph
- CPT
- 84132
- SNOMED
- 110742001
- Specimen volume
- 3 mL
- Stability
- Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h
- Hemolysis max
- 0
- Lipemia max
- 0
- Icterus max
- 0
- TAT
- 4–24 hours
- Order
- routine
What This Test Measures
Electrophoresis separates blood proteins into fractions (e.g., albumin, globulins) based on their electrical charge and size. This helps detect unusual protein distributions, which can indicate underlying health issues.
Common Uses and Conditions
This test is often used to diagnose or monitor conditions like multiple myeloma (cancer of plasma cells), amyloidosis (protein buildup in organs), or chronic inflammatory diseases.
Sample Collection and Preparation
A blood sample is drawn from a vein, typically in the arm. The blood is then processed to separate serum or plasma for testing. No special preparation is needed, but fasting may be advised depending on clinical context.
How the Results Are Interpreted
Results show protein bands that represent different protein types. Abnormal patterns (e.g., spikes, smears) may require further testing or evaluation by a healthcare provider.
Reference range
Adult: 3.5-5.0 mmol/LN/A
No special preparation usually required. Stay well hydrated. Inform your healthcare provider of all medications and supplements you are taking.
Clinical interpretation
How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.
Abnormal protein electrophoresis can signal conditions affecting protein production, storage, or breakdown. For example, monoclonal spikes may indicate plasma cell disorders, while altered globulin levels could suggest immune system dysfunction or organ disease.
Short name
Protein Electrophoresis
Frequently asked questions
Why might I need this test?
What does it mean if my results show unusual protein patterns?
Can I eat or drink before this test?
Sources
- 1
- 2Lab Tests OnlineSource
- 3
Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy