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Hemoglobin Electrophoresis (Serum/Plasma)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the types of hemoglobin in your blood using electrophoresis, a method that separates hemoglobin variants based on their electrical charge.

Quick summary

["Helps identify abnormal hemoglobin forms linked to conditions like sickle cell disease."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
40550-6
Short code
Hgb H Bld Elph-mCnc
Synonyms
Hgb H Bld Elph-mCnc
Category
hematology
Sample
whole-blood
Container
Lavender-top (EDTA)
Units
N/A
Ref low
12
Ref high
17.5
Critical range
7 N/A – 20 N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
electrophoresis
CPT
85018
SNOMED
900000000000003004
Specimen volume
3 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h
Hemolysis max
0
Lipemia max
0
Icterus max
0
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What Is Hemoglobin Electrophoresis Used For?

Hemoglobin electrophoresis helps doctors diagnose and monitor conditions caused by abnormal hemoglobin. For example, it can detect sickle cell disease, thalassemia, or other hemoglobinopathies by showing how different hemoglobin types separate during the test.

How Is the Sample Collected?

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. The blood is then processed to separate the plasma or serum for testing.

What Does the Test Measure?

The test measures the relative amounts of different hemoglobin variants, such as HbA (normal), HbS (sickle cell), or HbC (another variant). The results are displayed as bands on an electrophoresis gel, showing which types of hemoglobin are present.

Preparation and Timing

No special preparation is needed, but fasting is not required. Results may take several days to a week, depending on lab workload and complexity of the analysis.

Reference range

Adult males: 13.5-17.5 g/dL; Females: 12.0-16.0 g/dLN/A

Specimen: whole-blood

No special preparation usually required. Stay well hydrated. Inform your healthcare provider of all medications and supplements you are taking.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Hb Electrophoresis

Frequently asked questions

Why might my doctor order this test?
Your doctor may recommend this test if you have symptoms like fatigue, pain, or anemia, or if they suspect a genetic blood disorder. It’s also used in newborn screening for certain hemoglobinopathies.
How long will I need to wait for results?
Results can take anywhere from a few days to a week, depending on the lab’s schedule and the complexity of the test. Your healthcare provider will contact you once they’re ready.
Can I eat or drink before this test?
No special diet is needed for this test. However, if you’re scheduled for a follow-up, always confirm with your doctor about any restrictions.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy