Serum Protein Electrophoresis (Qualitative)
This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood using a technique called electrophoresis. It helps identify abnormal protein patterns that may indicate conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or other disorders.
["Electrophoresis can reveal unusual protein bands that might signal hidden health concerns."]
Key facts at a glance
- LOINC
- 4591-4
- Short code
- Hgb Hope Bld Ql Elph Acid
- Synonyms
- Hgb Hope Bld Ql Elph Acid
- Category
- hematology
- Sample
- whole-blood
- Container
- Lavender-top (EDTA)
- Units
- N/A
- Ref low
- 12
- Ref high
- 17.5
- Critical range
- 7 N/A – 20 N/A
- Fasting
- false
- Population
- adult
- Sex
- all
- Age range
- 18–65 years
- Method
- electrophoresis-ph
- CPT
- 85018
- SNOMED
- 900000000000003004
- Specimen volume
- 3 mL
- Stability
- Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h
- Hemolysis max
- 0
- Lipemia max
- 0
- Icterus max
- 0
- TAT
- 4–24 hours
- Order
- routine
Why This Test Is Done
Doctors may order this test to investigate symptoms such as unexplained weight loss, fatigue, swelling, or changes in kidney function. It’s also used to monitor conditions like multiple myeloma, lymphoma, or liver disease. Sometimes, it’s part of a routine checkup for people with a family history of certain blood disorders.
What to Expect Before the Test
You won’t need special preparation. Bring any medications you’re currently taking to your appointment. Avoid eating or drinking for a few hours before the test if instructed, but this is not always required. The test is quick and done by drawing blood from a vein in your arm.
What Happens During the Test
A healthcare professional will clean the area on your arm, insert a needle to collect blood, and then apply pressure to stop any bleeding. The blood is then sent to a lab for analysis. The results are typically ready within a few days.
What the Results Mean
The test produces a visual pattern of protein bands on a strip. Each band represents a different type of protein. Abnormal patterns (such as extra bands, missing bands, or uneven distribution) may suggest underlying health issues. Your doctor will interpret the results in the context of your symptoms and medical history.
Reference range
Adult males: 13.5-17.5 g/dL; Females: 12.0-16.0 g/dLN/A
No special preparation usually required. Stay well hydrated. Inform your healthcare provider of all medications and supplements you are taking.
Clinical interpretation
How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.
Serum protein electrophoresis is crucial for diagnosing and managing conditions like multiple myeloma (a cancer of plasma cells), systemic amyloidosis (a buildup of abnormal proteins), and liver or kidney diseases. It can also help track treatment progress or detect early signs of disorders that aren’t otherwise obvious.
Frequently asked questions
What causes abnormal protein patterns in this test?
How long does it take to get results from this test?
Can I eat or drink before this test?
Sources
- 1
- 2Lab Tests OnlineSource
- 3
Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy