Serum Protein Electrophoresis (Qualitative) with Bromocresol Purple Staining

What This Test Measures

Electrophoresis separates proteins in your blood into distinct bands based on their electrical charge and molecular weight. The bromocresol purple dye binds to proteins, creating visible bands that correspond to different protein groups, such as albumin, alpha-globulins, beta-globulins, and gamma-globulins. This qualitative method does not provide exact quantities but helps detect shifts in protein composition.

Common Uses and Conditions

This test is often used to diagnose or monitor conditions affecting protein levels, such as multiple myeloma (a cancer of plasma cells), lymphoma, or other blood disorders. It may also be used to evaluate conditions like liver disease or kidney problems, which can alter protein production or breakdown.

Sample Collection and Preparation

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, typically in your arm. The blood is then processed to separate the serum (the liquid part after clotting). The serum is analyzed using electrophoresis to create a pattern of protein bands.

Interpretation and Results

Results are qualitative, meaning they describe the relative presence of protein bands rather than exact measurements. Abnormal patterns may show increased or decreased bands, which can indicate specific health concerns. Your healthcare provider will interpret results in the context of your medical history and symptoms.