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Serum Protein Electrophoresis (Qualitative)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood using electrophoresis, a method that separates proteins based on size and charge.

Quick summary

["Helps identify abnormal protein patterns that may signal conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or other disorders."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
4615-1
Short code
Hgb N-Seattle Bld Ql Elph Acid
Synonyms
Hgb N-Seattle Bld Ql Elph Acid
Category
hematology
Sample
whole-blood
Container
Lavender-top (EDTA)
Units
N/A
Ref low
12
Ref high
17.5
Critical range
7 N/A – 20 N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
electrophoresis-ph
CPT
85018
SNOMED
900000000000003004
Specimen volume
3 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h
Hemolysis max
0
Lipemia max
0
Icterus max
0
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What Proteins Are Measured?

Electrophoresis splits blood proteins into five main fractions: albumin, alpha-1 globulins, alpha-2 globulins, beta globulins, and gamma globulins (antibodies). Each fraction can indicate underlying health issues.

Why This Test Might Be Ordered?

Your doctor may recommend this test if you have symptoms like fatigue, unexplained weight loss, swollen lymph nodes, or signs of organ dysfunction (e.g., liver or kidney). It’s also used to monitor conditions like multiple myeloma or autoimmune diseases.

Sample Collection and Preparation

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. The serum (liquid part without clots) is then separated and analyzed in a lab.

Interpreting Results

Results show protein bands on a gel, with each band representing a protein type. Abnormal bands or patterns may need further testing to diagnose a condition.

Reference range

Adult males: 13.5-17.5 g/dL; Females: 12.0-16.0 g/dLN/A

Specimen: whole-blood

No special preparation usually required. Stay well hydrated. Inform your healthcare provider of all medications and supplements you are taking.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance: How Results Help Healthcare Providers

Short name

Protein Electrophoresis

Frequently asked questions

Why was this test ordered?
Your doctor may ask for follow-up tests or treatments based on the results, such as bone marrow tests for multiple myeloma or additional bloodwork for liver/kidney function.
What do abnormal results mean?
Abnormal patterns could indicate conditions like multiple myeloma (excess monoclonal proteins), liver disease (altered albumin/globulin ratios), or infections (elevated acute-phase proteins).
Can I eat or drink before this test?
Typically, fasting is not required, but follow your doctor’s instructions. Avoid alcohol or certain medications that may affect protein levels.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy