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Hemoglobin Electrophoresis (Sickle Cell Disease Screening)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the types of hemoglobin in your blood to help screen for conditions like sickle cell disease.

Quick summary

["This test helps identify potential blood disorders by checking how hemoglobin separates during electrophoresis."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
32683-5
Short code
Hgb S MFr Bld Elph
Synonyms
Hgb S MFr Bld Elph
Category
hematology
Sample
whole-blood
Container
Lavender-top (EDTA)
Units
N/A
Ref low
12
Ref high
17.5
Critical range
7 N/A – 20 N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
electrophoresis
CPT
85018
SNOMED
900000000000003004
Specimen volume
3 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h
Hemolysis max
0
Lipemia max
0
Icterus max
0
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What This Test Measures

Hemoglobin is the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. This test uses an electric field to separate different types of hemoglobin based on their size and charge. It helps detect abnormal hemoglobin variants, which can indicate conditions like sickle cell trait or disease.

Why It’s Done

Doctors may order this test to screen newborns, check for inherited blood disorders in adults, or evaluate symptoms like fatigue, pain, or anemia that might suggest sickle cell disease or other hemoglobinopathies.

Sample Collection

A small blood sample is taken from your arm using a needle. The blood is then processed to separate hemoglobin types for analysis.

Preparation

No special preparation is needed, but inform your doctor if you’re taking blood thinners or have a history of bleeding disorders.

Reference range

Adult males: 13.5-17.5 g/dL; Females: 12.0-16.0 g/dLN/A

Specimen: whole-blood

No special preparation usually required. Stay well hydrated. Inform your healthcare provider of all medications and supplements you are taking.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Hb Electrophoresis

Frequently asked questions

How long does this test take?
Results are typically available within 1–3 business days, depending on lab processing times. Follow-up may be needed if abnormal findings are detected.
What does a positive result mean?
A positive result indicates the presence of abnormal hemoglobin variants. This may require further testing, like genetic counseling or additional blood work, to confirm a diagnosis or guide treatment options.
Can I eat or drink before this test?
You can eat and drink normally before this test, as no fasting is required. However, avoid alcohol or medications that may affect blood clotting if your doctor has specific instructions.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy