Skip to content

Hemoglobin S Penetration in Red Blood Cells (measured by high-performance liquid chromatography)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures how much hemoglobin S (the abnormal form of hemoglobin found in sickle cell disease) enters red blood cells, helping assess disease severity and blood flow in small blood vessels.

Quick summary

["This test helps doctors track how well your blood vessels stay open despite sickle cell traits."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
107189-3
Short code
Hgb sp3 Stl gastro-mCnc
Synonyms
Hgb sp3 Stl gastro-mCnc
Category
hematology
Sample
stool
Container
Clean container
Units
N/A
Ref low
10
Ref high
40
Critical range
7 N/A – 20 N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
CPT
84484
SNOMED
302774002
Specimen volume
5 g
Stability
Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Matters

Hemoglobin S can cause red blood cells to become stiff and sickle-shaped, which can block blood flow in small vessels. This test specifically looks at how much of this abnormal hemoglobin penetrates into the cells, a key factor in how your body handles blood flow and oxygen delivery.

What to Expect Before the Test

You’ll likely have a simple blood draw from a vein in your arm. No special preparation is needed unless your doctor instructs otherwise. The test uses a liquid chromatography method to analyze hemoglobin types.

What the Results Mean

Results help doctors determine how your body’s blood vessels are affected by sickle cell traits. Higher penetration may indicate more severe or active disease in certain areas of your body.

Common Uses

Doctors may order this test to monitor sickle cell disease progression, evaluate blood flow in organs, or assess how well treatments are working to improve circulation.

Reference range

Adult: 10-40 U/LN/A

Specimen: stool

No special preparation required. Avoid fatty meals before the test if possible.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

This test is particularly useful for patients with sickle cell traits or disease to identify areas where blood flow might be restricted, guiding treatment decisions for managing symptoms like pain or organ damage.

Short name

HGBSP3STLGAS

Frequently asked questions

What does a high or low result mean?
A higher result may suggest increased stiffness in red blood cells or blood vessel blockages, which could affect organs like the kidneys or lungs. A lower result might indicate better blood flow in some areas, but results vary by individual health and disease activity.
Will this test affect my daily routine?
No, this test only requires a blood draw and doesn’t require special diet or activity restrictions. Results are typically available within a few days, but your doctor will discuss them with you.
How often should I get this test?
Your doctor will determine how often this test is needed based on your overall health, symptoms, and treatment plan. Regular monitoring helps track disease progression and response to treatment.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy