Serum Protein Electrophoresis (Qualitative)
This test measures the distribution of different protein types in your blood serum using electrophoresis, a technique that separates proteins based on size and electrical charge.
["Helps identify abnormal protein patterns that may signal conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or other disorders."]
Key facts at a glance
- LOINC
- 4630-0
- Short code
- Hgb Zurich Bld Ql Elph Alk
- Synonyms
- Hgb Zurich Bld Ql Elph Alk
- Category
- hematology
- Sample
- whole-blood
- Container
- Lavender-top (EDTA)
- Units
- N/A
- Ref low
- 3.5
- Ref high
- 5
- Critical range
- 7 N/A – 20 N/A
- Fasting
- false
- Population
- adult
- Sex
- all
- Age range
- 18–65 years
- Method
- electrophoresis-ph
- CPT
- 84132
- SNOMED
- 110742001
- Specimen volume
- 3 mL
- Stability
- Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h
- Hemolysis max
- 0
- Lipemia max
- 0
- Icterus max
- 0
- TAT
- 4–24 hours
- Order
- routine
What This Test Measures
Electrophoresis separates blood proteins into distinct bands (fractions) based on their electrical charge and molecular weight. Key fractions include albumin, alpha-globulins, beta-globulins, and gamma-globulins. Abnormal bands or shifts may indicate underlying health issues.
Common Uses and Conditions
This test is often used to diagnose or monitor conditions such as multiple myeloma (cancer of plasma cells), chronic liver disease, kidney disease, or inflammatory disorders. It may also help assess protein abnormalities in hereditary conditions.
Sample Preparation
A blood sample is drawn from a vein, typically in the arm. The serum portion (liquid after clotting) is then analyzed in a lab using electrophoresis. No special preparation is needed, but fasting may not be required unless specified by your healthcare provider.
What to Expect
After your blood is drawn, you may feel slight discomfort for a few seconds. The test itself is quick and painless. Results are usually available within a few days, depending on lab processing times.
Reference range
Adult: 3.5-5.0 mmol/LN/A
No special preparation usually required. Stay well hydrated. Inform your healthcare provider of all medications and supplements you are taking.
Clinical interpretation
How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.
Abnormal electrophoresis results may reveal elevated or low levels of specific proteins. For example, a high gamma-globulin fraction could suggest chronic inflammation or immune disorders, while unusual bands may point to monoclonal gammopathy (e.g., multiple myeloma). Your doctor will interpret results in the context of your symptoms and medical history.
Short name
Serum Protein Electrophoresis
Frequently asked questions
Why might my doctor order this test?
How long will it take to get results?
Can I eat or drink before this test?
Sources
- 1
- 2Lab Tests OnlineSource
- 3
Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy