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HIV Antibody and P24 Antigen Test (Qualitative, Plasma/Serum)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test detects antibodies and the p24 protein from the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in your blood. It helps determine if you have an active HIV infection.

Quick summary

["A rapid HIV test can provide results in minutes to help you know your infection status quickly."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
89365-1
Short code
HIV 1 + 2 Ab Pnl SerPlBld IA.rapid
Synonyms
HIV 1 + 2 Ab Pnl SerPlBld IA.rapid
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
ia-rapid
CPT
86701
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

How the Test Works

The test uses an immunoassay method to identify HIV-specific markers. Antibodies against HIV and the p24 protein are detected in your plasma or serum sample. If these markers are present, it suggests exposure to HIV.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed. Bring an ID and any recent test results if you’re retesting. Avoid alcohol for 24 hours before testing if instructed by your provider.

Sample Collection

A small blood sample is drawn from your arm. The blood is processed to separate plasma or serum for testing. The test is usually performed on-site or in a lab within minutes.

Test Results Interpretation

Results are reported as positive, negative, or inconclusive. A positive result means you likely have HIV and should seek medical evaluation immediately. A negative result means no detectable markers were found at this time.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

This test is critical for early diagnosis of HIV, allowing for prompt treatment and management. Early detection improves long-term health outcomes and reduces transmission risk. It is often used as a screening tool or confirmatory test after initial screening.

Short name

HIV Rapid Test

Frequently asked questions

Why did my provider recommend this test?
Your provider may recommend this test if you have symptoms suggestive of HIV (e.g., fever, fatigue), recent exposure, or if you’re part of a high-risk group. It can also be used for routine screening or as part of a follow-up evaluation.
What does a positive result mean?
A positive result indicates you likely have HIV. You should contact your healthcare provider immediately to discuss next steps, including starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) if needed. Follow-up testing may be required for confirmation.
Can I get false positives or false negatives with this test?
False positives are rare but possible, especially if you have an infection that mimics HIV antibodies. False negatives can occur if tested too early after exposure. If your result is inconclusive, repeat testing may be advised.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy