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HIV Antibody Screening and Confirmation Test (Serum/Plasma)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test detects antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which your body produces in response to infection. It helps determine if you have been exposed to HIV.

Quick summary

["This test screens for HIV antibodies to check for possible infection."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
44533-8
Short code
HIV1+2 Ab Ser Donr Ql
Synonyms
HIV1+2 Ab Ser Donr Ql
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
CPT
86701
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What This Test Measures

The test looks for HIV antibodies in your blood or plasma. Antibodies are proteins your immune system makes when it encounters HIV. If you have been infected, your body will produce these antibodies over time. This test does not directly measure the virus itself but identifies if your immune system has responded to it.

How the Test Works

Your sample is analyzed using an immunoassay method, which detects the presence of HIV antibodies. This is typically done through a lab test that uses a highly sensitive detection process to identify these antibodies, even in small amounts.

Why It’s Important

Early detection of HIV is crucial for managing the infection effectively. Knowing your status allows for timely medical intervention, which can help prevent complications and improve long-term health outcomes.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed for this test. You may have a blood draw, where a small amount of blood is taken from a vein in your arm. If you are taking blood thinners or have a history of bleeding issues, let your healthcare provider know before the test.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

HIV Antibody Test

Frequently asked questions

How long after exposure can antibodies appear?
HIV antibodies may take several weeks to months to develop after exposure. Some people may test negative early on, even if they are infected, so it’s important to retest if you suspect exposure. Your healthcare provider will guide you on the best timing for follow-up tests.
Can this test detect HIV in the early stages?
This test primarily detects antibodies, not the virus itself. Early HIV infections can sometimes be missed with antibody tests alone, so your doctor may recommend additional testing, such as viral load testing, for early diagnosis.
What if my test results are positive?
If your test results are positive, your healthcare provider will confirm the diagnosis with additional tests. They will also discuss next steps, which may include starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) to manage the infection and improve your health outcomes.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy