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Viral Nucleic Acid Testing (Serum/Plasma) for HIV, Hepatitis C Virus, Hepatitis B Virus, and Other Pathogens

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test detects genetic material (RNA) from viruses, including HIV, hepatitis B and C, and other potential pathogens, to help diagnose infections.

Quick summary

Helps identify infections early by checking for viral genetic material in your blood or plasma.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
74856-6
Short code
HIV1+2+HCV+HBV DNA SerPl Donr Ql NAA+pr
Synonyms
HIV1+2+HCV+HBV DNA SerPl Donr Ql NAA+pr
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
probe-amp-tar
CPT
86701
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What This Test Measures

The test looks for RNA from specific viruses in your serum or plasma. RNA is a molecule that carries genetic instructions from viruses like HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C. Detecting RNA helps confirm if these viruses are present in your body.

How the Test Works

This is a molecular test, often performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or a similar method. It amplifies and detects tiny amounts of viral RNA, allowing for sensitive detection even at very low levels.

Why It’s Done

Healthcare providers may order this test to screen for infections, monitor treatment progress, or check for new infections in people at higher risk, such as those with weakened immune systems or those exposed to multiple viruses.

Common Uses and Considerations

This test is typically used in combination with other diagnostic tools. It’s important to discuss your medical history and risk factors with your healthcare provider before the test.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance

Short name

Viral RNA Testing Panel

Frequently asked questions

Is it normal to have false positives or false negatives with this test?
Like all tests, this one can have rare false results. False positives may occur if there are other infections or lab errors. False negatives can happen if the virus is very low or if the test was done too early after exposure. Your healthcare provider will interpret results in the context of your symptoms and medical history.
How soon after exposure can I expect results?
Results may take several days to a week, depending on lab processing times. The timing of when you get results can vary, so follow up with your healthcare provider as scheduled.
Can I drink alcohol before this test?
Alcohol use before the test may not affect the test itself, but it can impact your overall health and test results indirectly. Avoid heavy alcohol use before and after the test if you have any underlying health conditions.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy