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HIV-1 Antibody Screening and Confirmation Test (Serum/Plasma)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test detects antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which your body produces in response to the virus. It helps determine if you’ve been exposed to HIV.

Quick summary

["This test screens for HIV antibodies to check for past or current infection."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
40733-8
Short code
HIV1+2 IgG SerPl Ql IA
Synonyms
HIV1+2 IgG SerPl Ql IA
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
ia
CPT
82784
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What This Test Measures

The test looks for HIV-1 antibodies in your blood or plasma. Antibodies are proteins your immune system makes when it encounters a virus like HIV. If your body has been exposed to HIV, these antibodies will be present.

How the Test Works

The test uses an immunoassay method to detect HIV-1 antibodies. This involves mixing a sample of your blood or plasma with antibodies specific to HIV. If HIV antibodies are present, they will bind to the HIV antibodies in the test, creating a detectable reaction.

Why It’s Done

Doctors may order this test if you have symptoms of HIV, such as fever, fatigue, or weight loss; if you’ve had unprotected sex or shared needles; or if you’re at higher risk for HIV due to your lifestyle or medical history.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed. You’ll have a small needle inserted into your arm to draw blood. It usually takes a few minutes, and you can resume normal activities afterward.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

HIV Antibody Test

Frequently asked questions

How soon can I get results after the test?
Results are typically available within a few days to a week, depending on the lab. Your healthcare provider will contact you with the results.
What does a positive result mean?
A positive result means your test detected HIV antibodies, indicating you may have been exposed to HIV. You’ll need further testing, such as a confirmatory test, to confirm the diagnosis and begin appropriate care.
Can I still be infected if my test is negative?
Yes, it’s possible. HIV tests can take time to detect antibodies after exposure. If you suspect you’ve been exposed, ask your doctor about additional testing or a follow-up test after a certain period.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy