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HIV Antibody and Antigen Screening Test (Serum/Plasma)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test detects both HIV antibodies and the virus itself in your blood to help identify early infection with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS.

Quick summary

["Early detection is key to managing HIV effectively and preventing complications."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
24012-7
Short code
HIV1 Ag Ser Ql
Synonyms
HIV1 Ag Ser Ql
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
CPT
86701
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What Does This Test Measure?

The test looks for two things: HIV antibodies (proteins your immune system makes in response to the virus) and HIV antigens (specific proteins from the virus itself). Together, they help determine if you have an active HIV infection.

Why Might You Need This Test?

You may be tested for HIV if you have risk factors for infection, such as unprotected sex, sharing needles, or having certain health conditions. It’s also recommended as part of routine healthcare for sexually active individuals or those with multiple sexual partners.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed. A blood sample will be taken from a vein in your arm. You may feel a small pinch, but it usually doesn’t cause significant discomfort.

What to Expect After the Test

After the blood is drawn, you can return to your normal activities immediately. There may be a small bruise or redness at the site, but this typically fades within a few days.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

HIV Screen (Serum/Plasma)

Frequently asked questions

How soon can I get my results?
Results are usually available within a few days to a week, depending on your healthcare provider’s lab processes. Follow-up instructions will be provided by your doctor.
What does a positive result mean?
A positive result indicates you may have HIV. Your doctor will perform additional tests to confirm the diagnosis and guide treatment options.
Can I have false positives or false negatives?
While rare, both false positives and false negatives can occur. If your initial test is positive, further confirmatory testing will be done to ensure accuracy.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy