HIV-1 Group and Subtype/Mutant Ratio by Genotyping (Plasma/Serum)
This test identifies the specific type of HIV-1 virus in your blood and measures how your virus has mutated over time, which helps doctors choose the best treatment plan.
Understanding your HIV subtype and mutation status can guide personalized treatment decisions.
Key facts at a glance
- LOINC
- 100984-4
- Short code
- HIV 1 group M RNA Gentyp Islt Genotyp
- Synonyms
- HIV 1 group M RNA Gentyp Islt Genotyp
- Category
- chemistry
- Sample
- serum
- Container
- Red-top tube (SST)
- Units
- N/A
- Fasting
- false
- Population
- adult
- Sex
- all
- Age range
- 18–65 years
- Method
- genotyping
- CPT
- 86701
- Specimen volume
- 5 mL
- Stability
- Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
- Hemolysis max
- 500
- Lipemia max
- 1000
- Icterus max
- 500
- TAT
- 4–24 hours
- Order
- routine
What This Test Measures
The test detects the genetic sequence of the HIV-1 virus in your blood. It distinguishes between different subtypes of HIV-1 (e.g., subtype A, B, C) and assesses the proportion of mutant strains that may affect drug resistance. This information is critical for tailoring antiviral therapy to your specific virus profile.
Why It Matters for Treatment
Knowing your HIV subtype and mutation profile helps doctors select medications that are most effective against your virus. Some subtypes or mutations may respond differently to available antiretroviral drugs, potentially affecting treatment success and reducing the risk of drug resistance.
Sample Collection and Preparation
This test uses a blood sample (plasma or serum) collected during a routine venipuncture. The lab processes the sample to isolate viral genetic material for analysis. Results are typically available within 1–2 weeks, depending on lab workflows.
When You Might Need This Test
Your healthcare provider may recommend this test if you are newly diagnosed with HIV, if your viral load remains high despite treatment, or if you experience treatment failures or side effects. It is also used to monitor resistance to specific drugs or to confirm suspected subtype-related issues.
Clinical interpretation
How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.
This test is essential for optimizing HIV treatment by identifying the precise viral strain and its resistance patterns. Accurate subtype identification helps avoid ineffective medications, reduces the risk of treatment failure, and supports long-term viral suppression. It also aids in monitoring viral evolution and adjusting therapy as needed.
Short name
HIV Genotyping
Frequently asked questions
When would I need this test?
What does the test result mean?
How long does it take to get results?
Sources
- 1
- 2Lab Tests OnlineSource
- 3
Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy