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HIV Antibody Screening Test (P24 Antigen/Qualitative)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test detects antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), helping identify if you may have been exposed to the virus.

Quick summary

["Early detection of HIV antibodies supports timely medical evaluation and treatment options."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
35565-1
Short code
HIV 1 p40 Ab Ser Ql IB
Synonyms
HIV 1 p40 Ab Ser Ql IB
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
ib
CPT
86701
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Your healthcare provider may recommend this HIV antibody screening test if you have risk factors for HIV, such as unprotected sexual contact, shared needles, or other behaviors that increase exposure risk. It may also be part of routine testing for certain groups (e.g., pregnant individuals, people with sexually transmitted infections).

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is required. A blood sample will be taken from a vein, usually in your arm. You may feel a slight pinch, but it’s generally quick and well-tolerated.

What the Test Results Mean

A positive result indicates the presence of HIV antibodies, suggesting possible infection. Follow-up testing (e.g., confirmatory assays) is needed to confirm diagnosis. A negative result means no detectable antibodies at this time, but HIV can still be present if exposed recently.

What Happens Next

If your screening test is positive, your healthcare provider will likely order additional confirmatory tests (e.g., HIV-1/HIV-2 antibody differentiation assays) to confirm infection. Early diagnosis allows for immediate access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and support services.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

HIV Antibody Screen (Serum)

Frequently asked questions

How soon can I get results?
Results are typically available within 1–3 business days, depending on lab processing times. Your provider will discuss the meaning of your result and next steps.
Can I have false positives?
Rarely. False positives can occur with other infections or vaccines, but confirmatory testing rules this out. If you’re concerned, discuss your medical history with your provider.
What if I test positive?
If positive, follow-up testing will confirm HIV infection. Your provider will guide you through next steps, including counseling, testing for other STIs, and starting treatment if needed.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy