Skip to content

HIV Antibody Screening Test (Serum/Plasma) – Immunoassay

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test detects antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which your body produces in response to infection. It helps determine if you may have been exposed to HIV.

Quick summary

["This screening test is the first step in checking for HIV infection."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
9668-5
Short code
HIV1 p55 Ab Ser Ql IB
Synonyms
HIV1 p55 Ab Ser Ql IB
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
ib
CPT
86701
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What Does This Test Measure?

The test measures HIV antibodies in your blood or plasma. Antibodies are proteins your immune system makes to fight infections. If you’ve been exposed to HIV, your body may produce these antibodies within weeks to months after exposure.

Why Is This Test Important?

Early detection of HIV is crucial for managing the infection and preventing complications. This screening is often recommended for people at higher risk of exposure, as well as routine testing for those who want to stay informed about their health.

How Is the Sample Collected?

A blood sample is drawn from a vein in your arm by a healthcare professional. The blood is then processed into serum or plasma for testing.

What Are the Next Steps If the Test Is Positive?

If this test shows a positive result, it may require further testing (such as a confirmatory HIV antibody test) to confirm HIV infection. Your healthcare provider will guide you on next steps, including counseling and treatment options.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

HIV Antibody Screen

Frequently asked questions

What Does a Positive Result Mean?
A positive result suggests that your body may have produced antibodies against HIV, meaning you could have been exposed. However, this test alone is not definitive—further testing is needed to confirm infection.
How Often Should I Get Tested?
The frequency of testing depends on your risk factors. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends HIV testing at least once every six months for people at higher risk, or annually for those who prefer regular check-ups.
Can I Get False Results?
Yes, false positives or negatives can happen, especially in the early stages of infection. If your test is positive, additional testing will be done to confirm the result accurately.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy