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Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Antibody Screening and Confirmation Test (Serum/Plasma)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test detects antibodies to HIV, the virus that can cause AIDS. It helps determine if you’ve been exposed to the virus.

Quick summary

["HIV antibody testing is a critical step in early detection and management of HIV infection."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
9669-3
Short code
HIV1 p66 Ab Ser Ql IB
Synonyms
HIV1 p66 Ab Ser Ql IB
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
ib
CPT
86701
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Your healthcare provider may recommend this test if you have risk factors for HIV, such as unprotected sex, shared needles, or other behaviors that increase exposure. It’s also part of routine testing for certain groups (e.g., pregnant individuals, people with sexually transmitted infections).

How the Test Works

The test uses a blood sample (serum or plasma) to detect antibodies against HIV. The process typically involves two steps: screening (to identify possible exposure) and confirmation (to verify the result). The method combines immunoassay techniques to ensure accuracy.

Sample Collection and Preparation

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. The blood is processed to separate serum or plasma for testing. This is a quick and safe procedure with minimal discomfort.

What to Expect After the Test

Results may take a few days to a week to come back, depending on your lab. If you’re tested as part of a routine screening, you may receive results sooner. Follow-up testing or counseling may be recommended based on the outcome.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance

Short name

HIV Antibody Test (Screen & Confirm)

Frequently asked questions

How long does it take to get results from this test?
Results typically take between 1 to 7 days, depending on your lab’s processing schedule. Some labs may offer expedited results for urgent cases, but this depends on your specific situation.
Can I have false-positive or false-negative results?
Yes, both false-positive and false-negative results can occur, though modern testing methods minimize these errors. False positives may happen due to other infections or recent exposure. False negatives can occur if testing is done too early after exposure. If your result is unclear, your healthcare provider may order additional testing.
What should I do if my test is positive?
If your test is positive, seek immediate medical evaluation. Your healthcare provider will guide you through next steps, which may include starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) to control the virus, connecting you with support services, and scheduling regular follow-up tests to monitor your health.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy