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HIV Antibody Screening and Confirmation Test (Serum/Plasma)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test detects antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which your body produces in response to infection. It helps determine if you have been exposed to HIV.

Quick summary

["This test screens for HIV antibodies to check for possible infection, often as part of routine testing or when symptoms suggest exposure."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
109317-8
Short code
HIV 2 Ab Msmt Ser
Synonyms
HIV 2 Ab Msmt Ser
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
CPT
86701
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Healthcare providers may recommend this test if you have risk factors for HIV, such as unprotected sexual contact, shared needles, or exposure to infected blood. It’s also part of routine screening for certain groups, like pregnant individuals or those with sexually transmitted infections.

How the Test Works

The test uses a blood sample (serum or plasma) to detect HIV antibodies through an immunoassay method. If antibodies are found, further testing confirms the diagnosis.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed, but inform your provider about any medications or conditions that could affect results. Avoid alcohol before testing if directed by your doctor.

What to Expect During the Test

A small blood sample is taken from a vein, usually in your arm. You may feel a slight pinch, but it’s quick and painless. The sample is sent to a lab for analysis.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Positive results indicate the presence of HIV antibodies, suggesting past or current infection. Negative results mean no detectable antibodies, but HIV could still be present in early stages. Confirmatory testing is required for a definitive diagnosis. Early detection is critical for managing the virus and preventing complications.

Short name

HIV Antibody Test

Frequently asked questions

What does a positive result mean?
A positive result means your blood contains antibodies to HIV, which could indicate past or current infection. This requires further testing to confirm and guide next steps, such as starting treatment or monitoring.
Can I get HIV from this test?
No, the test only detects antibodies in your blood. It does not transmit HIV or any other infection. Your blood sample is handled safely and disposed of properly after testing.
How soon will I get my results?
Results are typically available within 1–3 business days, depending on lab processing times. Your healthcare provider will discuss the results with you and explain next steps, such as follow-up testing or treatment options.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy