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HIV Antibody Screening Test (Qualitative) – Plasma/Serum

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 17, 2026

This test detects antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which your body produces in response to infection. It helps determine if you may have been exposed to HIV.

Quick summary

["This screening test is the first step in checking for HIV infection."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 17, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
31073-0
Short code
HIV 2 Ab Patrn Ser IB-Imp
Synonyms
HIV 2 Ab Patrn Ser IB-Imp
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Ref low
0
Ref high
17
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
ib
CPT
86701
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

How the Test Works

Your blood sample is tested using an immunoassay method to identify HIV antibodies. If antibodies are present, they may indicate past or current HIV infection. This test does not measure the virus itself.

What to Expect Before the Test

You can eat, drink, or take medications normally on the day of your test. Avoid heavy exercise or alcohol before testing, as it may affect results. Wear comfortable clothing and plan for a short visit to the lab or clinic.

What to Expect During the Test

A healthcare professional will draw blood from a vein in your arm using a small needle. You may feel a brief pinch, but the procedure is quick. You’ll likely see a small bruise afterward, but this is normal.

What to Expect After the Test

After the blood is drawn, you can return to your usual activities immediately. If you experience any unusual bleeding, swelling, or pain at the injection site, contact your healthcare provider.

Reference range

NCBI: NSE 0-17 ng/mLN/A

Specimen: serum

No special preparation required. Some tests may require follow-up confirmatory testing.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

HIV Antibody Screen (Qualitative)

Frequently asked questions

How soon can I get my results?
Results are typically available within 1 to 3 business days, depending on lab processing times. Your healthcare provider will contact you directly with the results.
What if my test is positive?
A positive result triggers further testing, such as a confirmatory HIV antibody test or viral load test, to confirm infection. Your healthcare provider will guide you through next steps, including treatment options and support services.
Can I get false results?
While rare, false results can occur due to recent exposure, cross-reactions with other infections, or lab errors. If you have concerns, discuss them with your healthcare provider. Follow-up testing can help clarify results.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 17, 2026. · Read our editorial policy