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HIV Antibody Screening Test (Serum/Plasma)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test detects antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which your body produces in response to the virus. It helps determine if you may have been exposed to HIV.

Quick summary

["This screening test is the first step in checking for HIV infection."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
7919-4
Short code
HIV 2 Ab Ser Ql
Synonyms
HIV 2 Ab Ser Ql
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
CPT
86701
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What This Test Measures

The test looks for HIV antibodies in your blood or plasma. Antibodies are proteins your immune system makes to fight infections. If you’ve been exposed to HIV, your body may produce these antibodies within weeks to months after exposure.

How the Test Works

Your healthcare provider will take a blood sample, usually from your arm. The sample is then tested using an immunoassay method to identify HIV antibodies. This is a quick and reliable way to detect early signs of infection.

Why It’s Done

HIV antibody screening is commonly recommended for people at higher risk of infection, such as those with multiple sexual partners, intravenous drug users, or those with certain medical conditions. It’s also part of routine testing for pregnant women and people living with other sexually transmitted infections.

What to Expect Before the Test

There are no special preparations needed for this test. You may have a small bruise or redness at the injection site, but this usually fades quickly. If you’re pregnant or breastfeeding, let your doctor know before the test.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

HIV Antibody Screen

Frequently asked questions

What are the common risks or side effects of this test?
Most people experience no side effects. Rarely, you might feel slight discomfort or a small bruise at the injection site. If you develop a fever, chills, or unusual fatigue after the test, contact your healthcare provider.
How long does it take to get the results?
Results are typically available within a few days to a week, depending on your lab. Your doctor will discuss the results with you during a follow-up visit.
Can I drink alcohol before this test?
Alcohol is generally fine in moderation before this test, but avoid heavy drinking. If you’re unsure, ask your doctor for personalized advice.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy