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HIV Antibody Screening Test (Qualitative, Serum/Plasma)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test detects antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which your body produces in response to infection. It helps determine if you may have been exposed to HIV.

Quick summary

["This screening test is the first step in checking for HIV infection."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
11082-5
Short code
HIV2 p68 Ab Ser Ql IB
Synonyms
HIV2 p68 Ab Ser Ql IB
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
ib
CPT
86701
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Your healthcare provider may recommend this test if you have risk factors for HIV, such as unprotected sex, sharing needles, or living with someone who has HIV. It’s also part of routine testing for certain groups (e.g., sexually active adults, pregnant women).

What to Expect Before the Test

You’ll typically provide a blood sample (serum or plasma) via a simple venipuncture. No special preparation is needed, but inform your provider about any medications or conditions that might affect results.

What the Test Measures

The test looks for HIV antibodies (IgG and IgM) in your blood. These antibodies develop after infection but may take weeks to months to appear. A positive result means further testing is needed to confirm HIV status.

What the Results Mean

A negative result means no detectable antibodies to HIV were found in this sample. A positive result requires follow-up testing (e.g., confirmatory HIV antibody test) to rule out false positives.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

HIV Antibody Screen

Frequently asked questions

How soon can I get results?
Results are usually available within 1–3 business days, depending on lab processing times. Follow-up instructions will be provided by your healthcare provider if needed.
What if my test is positive?
A positive screen means your blood sample may contain HIV antibodies. Your provider will order a confirmatory test (e.g., Western blot or fourth-generation assay) to confirm infection. If confirmed, you’ll receive guidance on next steps, including treatment options and support services.
Can I have false positives?
Yes, rare false positives can occur, especially in early infection or with certain conditions (e.g., hepatitis, syphilis). Confirmatory testing helps distinguish true HIV infection from a false alarm. Your provider will clarify results with you.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy