HIV Genotypic Resistance Testing (Serum/Plasma)
This test identifies specific genetic mutations in the HIV virus to determine whether it may be resistant to certain antiretroviral medications.
["Helps healthcare providers tailor treatment to your needs for better viral suppression."]
Key facts at a glance
- LOINC
- 72560-6
- Short code
- HIV INI Susc Pnl Islt Genotyp
- Synonyms
- HIV INI Susc Pnl Islt Genotyp
- Category
- coagulation
- Sample
- serum
- Container
- Red-top tube (SST)
- Units
- N/A
- Fasting
- false
- Population
- adult
- Sex
- all
- Age range
- 18–65 years
- Method
- genotyping
- CPT
- 86701
- Specimen volume
- 5 mL
- Stability
- Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
- Hemolysis max
- 500
- Lipemia max
- 1000
- Icterus max
- 500
- TAT
- 4–24 hours
- Order
- routine
What This Test Measures
The test analyzes the virus’s genetic material (HIV genome) to detect mutations in key genes responsible for drug resistance. These mutations can affect how well your current HIV medications work. Results are reported as a sequence of letters and numbers showing which genes carry resistance-associated changes.
Why It’s Done
Doctors order this test if you’re on HIV treatment and show signs of treatment failure (like high viral loads or symptoms persisting despite therapy). It’s also used when starting new medications or if you’ve never been tested for resistance.
How It Works
A blood sample (serum or plasma) is collected and sent to a lab. The lab extracts the HIV genetic material, sequences the virus’s genes, and compares them to a database of known resistance mutations to identify any.
What to Expect Before the Test
No special preparation is needed, but you may need to fast or avoid certain medications for a few hours beforehand, depending on your doctor’s instructions. Bring your current HIV medications to discuss with your provider.
Clinical interpretation
How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.
Genotypic testing is critical for managing HIV because it helps prevent drug resistance, which can make treatment harder to control. By identifying resistance early, doctors can switch to medications that work better for your specific virus, improving your chances of long-term viral suppression and reducing side effects.
Short name
HIV Genotype Test
Frequently asked questions
How long does it take to get results?
What do my results mean?
Can I stop taking my HIV medications while waiting for results?
Sources
- 1
- 2Lab Tests OnlineSource
- 3
Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy