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Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Antibody Screening in Donor Plasma (Serum/Plasma)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test checks for antibodies in your blood that may react against specific human leukocyte antigens (HLA), which are proteins found on the surface of cells. It helps ensure compatibility when considering blood or organ donations.

Quick summary

["This screening helps prevent transplant rejection or transfusion reactions by identifying potential immune mismatches."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
51938-9
Short code
HLA-A+B+Bw+DR Donr
Synonyms
HLA-A+B+Bw+DR Donr
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Your healthcare provider may order this test if you are a potential blood or organ donor, or if you have a history of blood transfusion reactions or organ transplant complications. It’s also used to evaluate compatibility for stem cell donations or other specialized medical procedures.

What to Expect Before the Test

You’ll likely have a simple blood draw from a vein in your arm. The process is quick and usually painless. If you’re a donor, you may be asked to provide additional samples or complete a donor questionnaire.

What the Test Results Mean

Positive results indicate the presence of HLA antibodies in your plasma. These antibodies can affect compatibility with certain donors, so results guide decisions about donation eligibility or further testing.

Common Causes of Positive Results

Positive HLA antibody screens can occur due to prior blood transfusions, pregnancies, or organ transplants. Some people naturally develop these antibodies without symptoms.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

HLA Antibody Screen

Frequently asked questions

What does a positive HLA antibody screen mean for my health?
A positive result means your immune system has detected antibodies against certain HLA proteins. This doesn’t necessarily mean you’re at risk for immediate harm but may affect your eligibility for certain donations or require further evaluation by a specialist.
How long will it take to get my results?
Results are typically available within a few days to a week, depending on the lab’s processing time. Your healthcare provider will discuss the findings with you during a follow-up visit.
Can I donate blood or organs if my HLA antibody screen is positive?
Your eligibility for donation depends on the specific antibodies detected and your medical history. A blood bank or transplant specialist will assess your results and determine the next steps, which may include additional testing or exclusion from certain donation programs.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy