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Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Type A/B (Genetic Testing)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test identifies specific genetic markers (HLA types) found on white blood cells, which play a key role in immune response and organ compatibility for transplants.

Quick summary

["HLA typing helps determine immune compatibility for organ transplants and may influence certain autoimmune conditions."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
35471-2
Short code
HLA Ab Ql
Synonyms
HLA Ab Ql
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Doctors may order HLA typing to assess compatibility between potential organ donors and recipients, such as for kidney, liver, or heart transplants. It can also be used in research or for conditions where immune responses are suspected.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed. Blood will be drawn from a vein in your arm, similar to other blood tests. You may feel slight discomfort, but it usually lasts a few minutes.

What the Test Results Mean

Results show your specific HLA types (e.g., HLA-A*01:01, HLA-B*08:01), which help match donors or explain immune-related conditions. Results are not a single number but a genetic profile.

Common Uses of HLA Testing

HLA typing is primarily used in organ transplantation to reduce rejection risks. It may also be part of research studies or diagnostic workups for rare genetic or autoimmune conditions.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

HLA A/B Typing

Frequently asked questions

What does an HLA test measure?
An HLA test measures your genetic markers (HLA-A and HLA-B types) on white blood cells, which are unique to you. These markers influence how your immune system recognizes foreign substances.
How long does it take to get HLA test results?
Results typically take 1–2 weeks, depending on the lab and testing complexity. Follow-up with your healthcare provider to discuss findings.
Can HLA testing be done at home?
No, HLA testing requires a blood sample collected by a healthcare professional. Home genetic tests may not provide the same detailed HLA results for clinical use.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy