Serum Protein Electrophoresis with Bromocresol Green Staining

What Proteins Does This Test Measure?

Electrophoresis separates proteins based on size and charge, revealing distinct bands corresponding to albumin (the largest and most abundant protein) and various globulins (proteins like immunoglobulins, which fight infection). Bromocresol green binds to albumin, allowing for precise quantification of its concentration relative to other proteins.

Why Might You Need This Test?

This test is often used to detect conditions such as multiple myeloma (a cancer of plasma cells), liver disease, kidney disease, or certain autoimmune disorders, where protein patterns may shift from normal.

Common Conditions Evaluated

Abnormal results may indicate an overproduction of specific proteins (e.g., monoclonal gammopathy), reduced albumin levels, or altered globulin fractions, which can signal underlying health issues.

Sample Preparation and Testing Process

A blood sample is drawn, and the serum is separated for analysis. Proteins are applied to a gel and subjected to an electric current, causing them to migrate based on their size and charge. The bromocresol green dye binds to albumin, enabling visual and quantitative assessment of protein distribution.