Serum/plasma protein electrophoresis (qualitative)
This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood using gel electrophoresis, a method that separates proteins based on size and charge.
["Helps identify abnormal protein patterns that may signal conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or other disorders."]
Key facts at a glance
- LOINC
- 77637-7
- Short code
- HLA class I IgG Pnl SerPl EIA
- Synonyms
- HLA class I IgG Pnl SerPl EIA
- Category
- chemistry
- Sample
- serum
- Container
- Red-top tube (SST)
- Units
- N/A
- Fasting
- false
- Population
- adult
- Sex
- all
- Age range
- 18–65 years
- Method
- ia
- CPT
- 82784
- Specimen volume
- 5 mL
- Stability
- Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
- Hemolysis max
- 500
- Lipemia max
- 1000
- Icterus max
- 500
- TAT
- 4–24 hours
- Order
- routine
What This Test Measures
Electrophoresis separates proteins into five main bands: albumin, alpha-1 globulins, alpha-2 globulins, beta globulins, and gamma globulins. Each band represents different protein groups, including antibodies, enzymes, and transport proteins. Abnormal patterns may indicate conditions affecting protein production or breakdown.
Common Conditions Evaluated
This test is often used to diagnose or monitor conditions such as multiple myeloma (cancer of plasma cells), liver disease, kidney disease, or certain autoimmune disorders. It can also help assess protein malnutrition or detect unusual protein fragments.
Sample Preparation and Testing Process
A blood sample is drawn, and the serum or plasma is separated. The sample is then applied to a gel and subjected to an electric current, causing proteins to migrate based on their size and charge. After separation, the gel is stained to visualize the protein bands.
When to Expect Results
Results are typically available within 24 to 48 hours, depending on lab processing times. Your healthcare provider will discuss the findings with you, including any abnormal patterns that may require further testing.
Clinical interpretation
How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.
Abnormal electrophoresis results can signal underlying health issues. For example, a spike in gamma globulins may indicate multiple myeloma or other plasma cell disorders. Reduced albumin levels could suggest liver or kidney disease, malnutrition, or chronic inflammation. Your provider will interpret the results in the context of your medical history and symptoms.
Short name
Protein Electrophoresis (Qualitative)
Frequently asked questions
Why might my doctor order this test?
What does it mean if my test shows abnormal protein bands?
How often should I get this test?
Sources
- 1
- 2Lab Tests OnlineSource
- 3
Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy