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Beta-2-Microglobulin (Serum)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the level of beta-2-microglobulin, a small protein found in the blood that helps identify how well your kidneys are filtering waste.

Quick summary

["Beta-2-microglobulin can help assess kidney function and monitor conditions like chronic kidney disease."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
60536-0
Short code
HLADQBETA
Synonyms
—
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why Is This Test Done?

Your healthcare provider may order this test if you have symptoms of kidney problems, such as fatigue, swelling, or frequent urination. It may also be used to monitor kidney function in people with certain diseases or after treatments like chemotherapy, which can affect kidney health over time.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is usually needed. You may be asked to fast for a few hours before the test, but always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions. Bring any medications you’re currently taking, as some may affect results.

How the Test Is Done

A healthcare professional will draw blood from a vein in your arm using a small needle. The blood sample will be sent to a lab for analysis. The process typically takes a few minutes.

What the Results Mean

Higher than expected levels of beta-2-microglobulin may suggest kidney problems, including chronic kidney disease or impaired filtration. Lower levels might indicate other conditions, but results should always be interpreted by a healthcare provider in the context of your overall health.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance

Short name

Beta-2-Microglobulin

Frequently asked questions

What Are Common Causes of Abnormal Results?
Elevated levels of beta-2-microglobulin are often linked to kidney disease, including conditions like chronic kidney disease (CKD) or end-stage renal disease (ESRD). It may also appear in certain cancers, such as multiple myeloma, where the protein is produced in excess. Always discuss results with your doctor to understand potential causes.
How Often Should This Test Be Done?
The frequency of this test depends on your health condition. If you have kidney disease, your doctor may recommend regular monitoring to track changes in your kidney function. People undergoing chemotherapy or other treatments affecting kidney health might also need periodic testing.
Can Diet or Medications Affect This Test?
Some medications, especially those that affect kidney function or protein metabolism, may influence results. Avoiding certain supplements or foods that could interfere with lab tests is generally good practice, but always confirm with your healthcare provider before making changes.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy