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Human Leukocyte Antigen DRB1 (HLA-DRB1) typing

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test identifies specific genetic variations in the HLA-DRB1 gene, which plays a key role in your immune system. These variations can influence how your body responds to infections, diseases, or certain medications.

Quick summary

["Understanding your HLA-DRB1 type may help with personalized medical decisions, including organ transplantation or certain autoimmune conditions."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
57298-2
Short code
HLADRB1
Synonyms
—
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why Is This Test Done?

Doctors may order an HLA-DRB1 test to assess compatibility for organ transplants, such as kidneys or liver transplants. It can also help diagnose or monitor conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, or other autoimmune diseases where immune responses are involved.

What Does the Test Measure?

The test measures the presence and type of specific alleles (versions) of the HLA-DRB1 gene in your blood. These alleles are protein markers on white blood cells that help your immune system recognize foreign substances.

Sample Collection and Preparation

A small amount of blood is typically collected from a vein in your arm. The blood sample is then processed to isolate white blood cells, where the HLA-DRB1 alleles are analyzed.

What Are the Possible Results?

Results will show the specific HLA-DRB1 alleles present in your blood sample. For example, you might receive results like DRB1*01:01 or DRB1*04:01, indicating the exact genetic variations found.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

HLA-DRB1 Genotyping

Frequently asked questions

What does an HLA-DRB1 test tell me about my immune system?
An HLA-DRB1 test identifies specific genetic variations in your immune system’s protein markers. These variations can influence how your body reacts to infections, autoimmune conditions, or certain medications, helping doctors tailor treatments to your unique genetics.
Can this test be used for anything other than organ transplants?
Yes, HLA-DRB1 typing can also help diagnose or manage autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis or lupus, as certain alleles are linked to higher or lower risks of these conditions.
How long does it take to get results from this test?
Results are typically available within 1 to 2 weeks, depending on the laboratory and complexity of the analysis. Your healthcare provider will contact you once the results are ready.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy