Skip to content

Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) DQ Typing (Serum)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures specific genetic markers (HLA-DQ) found on white blood cells, which play a key role in your immune system. It helps identify potential risks for certain autoimmune conditions or organ transplant compatibility.

Quick summary

["This test assesses genetic markers linked to immune function and transplant compatibility."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
21341-3
Short code
HLADRLOCUS
Synonyms
—
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Might Be Ordered

Your healthcare provider may recommend HLA-DQ typing if you have a history of autoimmune diseases (like type 1 diabetes or celiac disease), are considering an organ transplant, or if you’re part of a research study exploring immune-related conditions.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed. You’ll provide a blood sample, usually drawn from your arm. The test involves collecting serum (the liquid part of blood after clotting), which is then analyzed for specific HLA-DQ markers.

How the Test Works

The test uses advanced laboratory techniques (such as immunoassay or molecular methods) to detect and identify the HLA-DQ genetic markers on your white blood cells. These markers are part of your immune system’s ability to recognize foreign substances.

What the Results Mean

Results show the presence or absence of specific HLA-DQ alleles (versions of the gene). These findings help determine immune compatibility, risk for autoimmune diseases, or suitability for certain medical treatments.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

HLA-DQ Typing

Frequently asked questions

What does an HLA-DQ test measure?
The HLA-DQ test measures specific genetic variants (alleles) of the HLA-DQ region on white blood cells, which influence how your immune system responds to foreign substances and can affect disease risk or transplant compatibility.
How long does it take to get results from this test?
Results are typically available within 1–3 business days, depending on your lab’s processing timeline. Your healthcare provider will discuss the findings with you during a follow-up visit.
Can lifestyle changes affect HLA-DQ test results?
No, HLA-DQ test results are based on your genetic makeup and do not change with lifestyle factors like diet or exercise. However, certain autoimmune conditions may be influenced by other factors beyond genetics.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy