Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) Glycated Hemoglobin Type B Blood

What HbA1c Tests Measure

HbA1c tests the proportion of hemoglobin molecules that have sugar molecules attached. This attachment happens when blood sugar levels are consistently high over time. The test provides a snapshot of your average blood sugar levels during the production of red blood cells, which live for about 3 months. Unlike spot blood sugar checks, HbA1c gives a more stable picture of how well your body manages glucose levels over time.

Why This Test Matters for Diabetes Management

HbA1c is critical for people with diabetes because it helps assess whether their current treatment plan is keeping blood sugar levels within healthy ranges. It also aids in identifying trends—such as whether blood sugar control is improving or worsening over time.

How the Test Is Performed

A small blood sample is taken from your arm or finger. The sample is processed to separate hemoglobin from other blood components and analyzed to determine the percentage of glycated hemoglobin.

What Normal Results Mean

Results are typically reported as a percentage (e.g., 5.7%–6.4% is often considered prediabetes, while 6.5% or higher may indicate diabetes). However, reference ranges can vary slightly by lab and individual health factors, so your doctor will interpret results in the context of your overall health.