Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Antibody Screening by Immunoassay (Serum/Plasma)
This test detects antibodies to HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, in your blood or plasma. It’s used to screen for infection early, often as part of routine health checks or before certain medical procedures.
["Early detection of HIV infection through antibody screening is critical for managing the disease and improving outcomes."]
Key facts at a glance
- LOINC
- 93747-4
- Short code
- HPIV 1+2+3+4 IgG Ser Ql IA
- Synonyms
- HPIV 1+2+3+4 IgG Ser Ql IA
- Category
- chemistry
- Sample
- serum
- Container
- Red-top tube (SST)
- Units
- N/A
- Fasting
- false
- Population
- adult
- Sex
- all
- Age range
- 18–65 years
- Method
- ia
- CPT
- 82784
- Specimen volume
- 5 mL
- Stability
- Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
- Hemolysis max
- 500
- Lipemia max
- 1000
- Icterus max
- 500
- TAT
- 4–24 hours
- Order
- routine
Why This Test Is Done
Healthcare providers may order this test if you have risk factors for HIV, such as unprotected sex, shared needles, or living in areas with higher HIV prevalence. It’s also recommended for pregnant women, people with sexually transmitted infections (STIs), or those with unexplained immune system issues. Sometimes, it’s part of a general health screening, especially in high-risk groups.
How the Test Works
The test uses an immunoassay method to detect HIV antibodies in your blood or plasma. A small sample is taken from a vein, and antibodies to HIV are identified through a chemical reaction that signals their presence. This method is highly sensitive and helps distinguish between people who have been exposed to HIV and those who haven’t.
What to Expect Before the Test
There are no special preparations needed for this test. You may have a small bandage or band-aid on the site where the blood is drawn, but it’s usually just a quick prick. If you’re pregnant, breastfeeding, or on blood thinners, let your provider know before the test.
What to Expect During the Test
You’ll lie down or sit comfortably while a healthcare provider inserts a small needle into your arm. A small amount of blood is collected into a tube. The process usually takes about 5 minutes. You might feel a slight pinch, but it’s generally not painful.
Clinical interpretation
How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.
◆Associated findings1
Short name
HIV Antibody Test (Screen)
Frequently asked questions
What Does a Positive Result Mean?
A negative result means no detectable HIV antibodies were found in your sample at the time of testing. However, HIV can take weeks to months to develop detectable antibodies after exposure. If you suspect you’ve been exposed, retesting after 3 months is recommended if you haven’t already been tested recently.
What If I Get a False Positive?
Sources
- 1
- 2Lab Tests OnlineSource
- 3
Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy