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Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Antibody Test, IgG Class (Serum)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test detects antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which your immune system produces in response to infection. It helps determine if you’ve been exposed to HIV.

Quick summary

["This test checks for HIV antibodies, which may indicate past or current infection."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
70017-9
Short code
HPIV 1+2+3+4 IgM Ser Ql IA
Synonyms
HPIV 1+2+3+4 IgM Ser Ql IA
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
ia
CPT
82784
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What This Test Measures

The test measures IgG antibodies specific to HIV proteins. These antibodies are part of your immune system’s response to the virus and can appear weeks to months after exposure. The presence of these antibodies suggests prior infection, though they may not always confirm active infection without further testing.

Why It’s Done

Doctors may order this test to screen for HIV, especially if you’ve had unprotected sex, shared needles, or other risk factors. It’s also used in routine health check-ups for high-risk individuals or during pregnancy to monitor for HIV exposure.

Sample Collection and Processing

A blood sample is taken from a vein in your arm. The blood is processed to separate serum (the liquid part after clotting), which is then tested for HIV antibodies using an immunoassay method. This method detects the presence of antibodies without measuring viral load directly.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed, but inform your healthcare provider about any medications you’re taking or recent illnesses. Avoid alcohol before the test to prevent discomfort during blood draw.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance

Short name

HIV IgG Antibody

Frequently asked questions

If HIV antibodies are found, further testing (such as HIV viral load or Western blot) is needed to confirm infection and guide treatment. Positive results do not always mean active HIV; some people may have false negatives early in infection. Regular testing is crucial for early detection and management.
This test alone cannot diagnose HIV. A positive result triggers additional testing to confirm infection status and guide next steps, such as starting antiretroviral therapy if needed.
How long does it take to get results from this test?
Results are typically available within 1 to 3 business days, depending on your healthcare provider’s lab processing times. Follow-up instructions will be provided if your result is positive or if further testing is needed.
Can I get false results from this test?
Yes, there’s a small chance of false negatives (missing infection) if tested too early after exposure or false positives (false alarms) due to laboratory errors or cross-reacting antibodies. If your result is unclear, your doctor will order additional tests to clarify.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy