Skip to content

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Antibody Test by Immunoassay (Serum/Plasma)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test detects antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which your body produces in response to infection. It helps determine if you have been exposed to HIV.

Quick summary

["This test checks for HIV antibodies, which can indicate past or current infection."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
11262-3
Short code
HPIV3 IgG Titr Ser
Synonyms
HPIV3 IgG Titr Ser
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Ref low
8
Ref high
61
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
CPT
82977
SNOMED
3110003
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What This Test Measures

The test looks for specific antibodies in your blood that your immune system creates when it encounters HIV. These antibodies are a sign that your body has been exposed to the virus, though they may not appear immediately after infection.

How the Test Works

Your blood sample is tested using an immunoassay method, which detects the presence of HIV antibodies. This method is highly sensitive and specific, helping to identify potential infection even before symptoms appear in some cases.

Why It’s Done

Healthcare providers may recommend this test if you have risk factors for HIV, such as unprotected sexual contact, sharing needles, or other behaviors that increase exposure risk. It’s also part of routine testing for certain groups, like pregnant individuals or those with sexually transmitted infections.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed for this test. You may have a small needle inserted to draw blood from a vein in your arm. If you’re nervous, let your healthcare provider know—they can help make the process more comfortable.

Reference range

Adult males: 8-61 U/L; Adult females: 5-36 U/LN/A

Specimen: serum

No special preparation required. Avoid fatty meals before the test if possible.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

HIV Antibody Screen

Frequently asked questions

How soon can I get results?
Results are typically available within a few days to a week, depending on your lab’s processing time. Your healthcare provider will discuss the results with you and explain next steps, such as follow-up testing if needed.
What does a positive result mean?
A positive result means your test detected HIV antibodies, indicating you may have been infected. You’ll need further testing, like a confirmatory HIV viral load test, to confirm the diagnosis and start appropriate treatment.
Can I still be infected if my test is negative?
Yes, it’s possible if you were infected recently. Some people don’t develop detectable antibodies for weeks or months. If you suspect exposure, ask your provider about a repeat test or a more sensitive test like an antigen/antibody combo test.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy