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Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 DNA in Cerebrospinal Fluid (PCR)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test detects the presence of genetic material from Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1) in your cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). It helps identify whether you may have a viral infection affecting the central nervous system.

Quick summary

["Assists in diagnosing potential brain or spinal cord infections caused by HSV-1."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
94583-2
Short code
HSV 1+2 DNA Pnl CSF NAA+n-prb
Synonyms
HSV 1+2 DNA Pnl CSF NAA+n-prb
Category
chemistry
Sample
csf
Container
Sterile tube
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
non-probe-amp-tar
Specimen volume
1-2 mL
Stability
Immediate analysis required, Refrigerated: 1h
Hemolysis max
200
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Your healthcare provider may order this test if you have symptoms like severe headaches, neck stiffness, confusion, or fever, especially if they suspect a viral infection involving the brain or spinal cord. It may also be used in cases of suspected meningitis or encephalitis caused by HSV-1.

What to Expect Before the Test

You will likely have a lumbar puncture (spinal tap) to collect CSF. This involves lying on your side, having an area near your lower back cleaned, and a needle inserted to draw fluid. You may feel a brief pinch, but the procedure is generally quick and painless.

What the Test Involves

The collected CSF is analyzed using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to detect HSV-1 DNA. This method is highly sensitive and can identify even small amounts of viral genetic material.

What the Results Mean

Positive results indicate the presence of HSV-1 DNA in your CSF, suggesting an active infection. Negative results mean no detectable HSV-1 DNA was found in the sample. Results should be interpreted by your healthcare provider in the context of your symptoms and medical history.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

HSV-1 DNA CSF

Frequently asked questions

What does a positive result mean?
A positive result means your cerebrospinal fluid contains genetic material from HSV-1, which may indicate an active infection affecting your brain or spinal cord. Your healthcare provider will discuss further steps, such as treatment options, based on your results and symptoms.
Is this test painful?
The procedure for collecting CSF involves a brief needle insertion, but it is generally not considered painful. You may feel some pressure or discomfort during the process, but most people describe it as tolerable. Local anesthesia is often used to minimize any discomfort.
How soon will I get my results?
Results from this test are typically available within a few days to a week, depending on laboratory processing times. Your healthcare provider will contact you to discuss the results and next steps.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy