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Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1) DNA Detection by Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (NAAT)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test checks for the presence of genetic material from the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in your saliva. It helps determine if you have been exposed to the virus.

Quick summary

["This test can help diagnose active herpes infections or assess exposure risk."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
49382-5
Short code
HSV1+2 DNA # Tiss NAA+probe
Synonyms
HSV1+2 DNA # Tiss NAA+probe
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
probe-amp-tar
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What This Test Measures

The test detects the DNA sequence of HSV-1, a common virus that can cause cold sores (oral herpes) and, in rare cases, genital herpes. This genetic material is found in saliva when the virus is active or has recently been present in your body.

Why It’s Done

Doctors may order this test if you have symptoms like sores, pain, or unusual lesions in your mouth, throat, or genital area. It can also be used to confirm exposure after potential contact with someone who has HSV-1.

Sample Collection and Process

A small sample of saliva is collected, usually by swabbing the inside of your cheek or mouth. The sample is then sent to a lab where genetic material is extracted and analyzed using a specialized technique to identify HSV-1 DNA.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed. You may brush your teeth or rinse your mouth with water before the test to avoid contamination from other substances.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

This test is crucial for diagnosing active herpes infections, guiding treatment decisions, and assessing the risk of transmission. It can also help monitor the effectiveness of antiviral therapy. While HSV-1 is usually harmless, it can cause complications in rare cases, especially if it affects the eyes or spreads to other parts of the body.

Short name

HSV-1 DNA Test (Saliva)

Frequently asked questions

How long does it take to get the results?
Results are typically available within 24 to 48 hours, depending on the lab’s processing time.
What does a positive result mean?
A positive result indicates that HSV-1 DNA was detected in your saliva, suggesting recent or active infection. This does not always mean you are currently experiencing symptoms, but it confirms exposure to the virus.
Can I have this test if I have an active cold sore?
Yes, this test can be done even if you have an active cold sore, as it detects the virus at the genetic level rather than relying on visible symptoms.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy