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Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Antibody, Qualitative (IgM) in Serum or Plasma

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test detects antibodies specific to the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), which can help identify past or recent infection.

Quick summary

["This test helps determine if you’ve been exposed to HSV-1, which can cause cold sores or other infections."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
108622-2
Short code
HSV1 Ag Msmt Tiss
Synonyms
HSV1 Ag Msmt Tiss
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What This Test Measures

The test looks for IgM antibodies, a type of immune protein produced shortly after an infection begins. These antibodies can indicate an active or recent HSV-1 infection, though they may not appear immediately after exposure.

Why It Might Be Ordered

Your healthcare provider may order this test if you have symptoms like sores around your mouth, fever, or other signs of HSV-1 infection, especially if you’ve had unexplained rashes or recurrent cold sores.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed. You’ll provide a blood sample, usually drawn from a vein in your arm. If you’re taking blood thinners, let your provider know to avoid unnecessary bleeding.

What to Expect During the Test

The blood sample is sent to a lab for analysis using an immunoassay method to detect HSV-1 IgM antibodies. Results are typically available within a few days.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Positive results suggest recent HSV-1 exposure or infection, which may require medical evaluation or treatment. Negative results mean no detectable IgM antibodies were found at the time of testing, but HSV-1 infection could still be present if symptoms are present or if testing was done too early. This test alone cannot confirm active infection without clinical correlation.

Short name

HSV-1 IgM Antibody (Serum/Plasma)

Frequently asked questions

When might I get false-positive or false-negative results?
False positives are rare but can occur if you have other infections or autoimmune conditions. False negatives may happen if testing was done too early after exposure or if the infection is mild. Your healthcare provider will consider your symptoms and medical history when interpreting results.
How long do HSV-1 IgM antibodies stay in the blood?
IgM antibodies typically decline over weeks to months after infection. They may remain detectable for months to years, depending on the individual’s immune response. Follow-up testing may be needed if symptoms persist or recur.
Can this test be used to diagnose recurrent herpes outbreaks?
This test is not typically used to diagnose recurrent herpes outbreaks. Instead, clinical evaluation (including symptoms, history, and sometimes viral culture) is usually sufficient. If recurrent infections are a concern, your provider may recommend other testing or preventive measures.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy