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Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1) DNA Genital Quantitative PCR

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test detects the presence of genetic material from HSV-1, a common virus that can cause genital sores and infections. It helps confirm if you have an active infection in the genital area.

Quick summary

["This test can help diagnose genital herpes caused by HSV-1 and guide treatment decisions."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
91859-9
Short code
HSV1 DNA Genital Ql NAA+probe
Synonyms
HSV1 DNA Genital Ql NAA+probe
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
probe-amp-tar
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Your healthcare provider may recommend this test if you have symptoms like sores, blisters, or pain in the genital area and suspect herpes. It may also be used to confirm a diagnosis in cases where symptoms are unclear or if you have recurrent outbreaks.

How the Test Works

A small sample of fluid from a genital sore is collected and analyzed using a specialized lab technique called PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). This method detects the virus’s DNA even when symptoms are not actively present.

Sample Collection

You will likely have a swab inserted into the affected area to collect fluid. The sample is then sent to a lab for testing. No special preparation is needed, but avoid sexual contact during active sores to prevent spreading the virus.

What to Expect After Testing

Results are typically ready within a few days. If the test is positive, it means HSV-1 DNA was found in the sample, confirming an active infection. If negative, it suggests the virus is not actively replicating in the sample at that time.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance

Short name

HSV-1 Genital DNA Test

Frequently asked questions

How does this test differ from a culture test?
Unlike culture tests, which identify the virus by growing it in a lab, this PCR test detects the virus’s DNA directly from a sample. It is more sensitive and can detect the virus even when symptoms are not present.
Can I still have HSV-1 if this test comes back negative?
Yes, a negative result means the virus was not detected in the sample at the time of testing. However, HSV-1 can be present in other areas of the body or may reactivate later. Follow-up testing or monitoring may be recommended if symptoms persist.
Is this test safe for pregnant women?
Yes, this test is safe for pregnant women. It helps determine if they have HSV-1, which can be managed to reduce the risk of transmitting the virus to the baby during childbirth.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy