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Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1) DNA Quantitative PCR in Plasma

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test detects the presence of genetic material from the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in your blood plasma. It helps determine if you have an active infection or if the virus is present at low levels.

Quick summary

["This test can help guide treatment decisions and monitor viral activity in cases of suspected or confirmed HSV-1 infection."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
94581-6
Short code
HSV1 DNA Spec Ql NAA+n-prb
Synonyms
HSV1 DNA Spec Ql NAA+n-prb
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
non-probe-amp-tar
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Might Be Ordered

Your healthcare provider may order this test if you have symptoms like sores, fever, or other signs of herpes infection, especially if they suspect HSV-1 rather than HSV-2. It may also be used to confirm a diagnosis in unclear cases or to check for viral load before or during treatment.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed. You may have a blood sample drawn from a vein in your arm, similar to other blood tests. If you’re on blood-thinning medication, let your provider know before the test.

What the Test Results Mean

Results are typically reported as a viral load (amount of HSV-1 DNA detected). A positive result means HSV-1 genetic material was found, indicating possible active infection. The exact amount can help guide treatment intensity.

Common Reasons for Testing

This test is often used to diagnose HSV-1 infections in people with recurrent oral or genital sores, to evaluate viral shedding in immunocompromised individuals, or to monitor treatment response.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

HSV-1 DNA (Plasma)

Frequently asked questions

What does a positive result mean?
A positive result means HSV-1 genetic material was found in your blood plasma. This suggests you may have an active infection or low-level viral activity. Your healthcare provider will discuss next steps, such as treatment options or further testing.
Does this test differentiate between active and latent HSV-1?
This test detects HSV-1 DNA in plasma, which can indicate active viral replication. However, it does not directly measure whether the virus is in a dormant (latent) state. Other tests or clinical symptoms may be needed for a full assessment.
How often should I get this test?
Your provider will determine the frequency based on your symptoms, medical history, and treatment needs. Some patients may need testing during outbreaks, while others may require periodic monitoring if they have frequent infections or immunocompromising conditions.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy