Herpes Simplex Virus 2 Antibody, Total (Serum/Plasma)

Why This Test Is Done

Your healthcare provider may order this test if you have symptoms like sores, pain, or unusual discharge in the genital or anal area, or if you have recurrent outbreaks. It may also be used to confirm a diagnosis of genital herpes in people who have symptoms or a history of infection. Additionally, it can be part of screening for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) or for monitoring in certain clinical situations.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed. You’ll provide a blood sample, usually drawn from a vein in your arm. If you’re concerned about discomfort, let your provider know they may use a smaller needle or apply a numbing cream. Avoid alcohol for 24 hours before the test if instructed.

What the Test Results Mean

Positive results indicate the presence of HSV-2 antibodies, suggesting past infection. Negative results mean no detectable antibodies, which may mean you’ve never been exposed or the test was taken too early after exposure. False negatives are rare but possible if tested too soon after infection.

Common Causes of Abnormal Results

False negatives can occur if tested too early after exposure. False positives are uncommon but may happen if you have other infections or autoimmune conditions. If results are unclear, your provider may repeat the test or use additional tests for confirmation.